The video explains how to find the distance between two points on a number line by finding the absolute value of their difference. It reviews the concept of subtracting by adding the additive inverse and emphasizes the importance of taking the absolute value to ensure that the distance is always positive. The video provides examples of finding the distance between points using a number line and without a number line by subtracting and taking the absolute value. It also highlights common mistakes students make and stresses the concept of determining the distance between two points.